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Noida

Noida , short for New Okhla Industrial Development Authority , [5] is a city located in Gautam Buddha Nagar district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is a part of the National Capital Region (NCR). Situated in the floodplain region between the Yamuna and the Hindon rivers, the city was established in 1976, and is regarded as one of the most systematically planned cities in India. It was designed under the NCR planning strategy to decentralise growth from Delhi. The Gautam Buddha Nagar District, which includes the cities of Noida, Greater Noida and YEIDA City contributes, over 10% to…

Noida, short for New Okhla Industrial Development Authority,[5] is a city located in Gautam Buddha Nagar district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is a part of the National Capital Region (NCR). Situated in the floodplain region between the Yamuna and the Hindon rivers, the city was established in 1976, and is regarded as one of the most systematically planned cities in India. It was designed under the NCR planning strategy to decentralise growth from Delhi. The Gautam Buddha Nagar District, which includes the cities of Noida, Greater Noida and YEIDA City contributes, over 10% to the Uttar Pradesh GSDP, more than 2.5 times the state capital district of Lucknow, which contributes 4%.[6] It is India’s 4th richest City by GDP per capita as per FY2024-25 behind only Rangareddy (Telangana), Gurugram (Haryana) and Bengaluru Urban (Karnataka).[7][8]

Noida is frequently ranked as one of India's greenest cities, boasting over 50% green cover, including botanical gardens and biodiversity parks. The city emphasises sustainable development, green corridors, and high-quality landscaping. As per provisional reports of Census of India, the population of Noida in 2011 was 642,381.[9] The city is managed and maintained by the New Okhla Industrial Development Authority (NOIDA).[10] The district's administrative headquarters are in the nearby city of Greater Noida. The city is a part of the Noida (Vidhan Sabha) constituency and Gautam Buddha Nagar (Lok Sabha) constituency. Noida was ranked as the "Best City in Uttar Pradesh" in the "Best City Awards" conducted by ABP News in 2015.[11][12] It is also ranked the cleanest city in medium category cities (cities with a population of 300,000 to 1,000,000) and 4th cleanest city among cities with less than 1,000,000 people.[13]

Noida is a prominent IT hub of India, for several software development companies, such as Microsoft,[14] Arm Holdings,[15] HCL,[16] Samsung and Barclays.[17] The city has evolved into a prominent economic engine, owing to concentrations of information technology firms, electronics assembly, automotive production, logistics facilities and news broadcasting houses. As of August 2025, Noida accommodates approximately 11,000 industrial units.[18][19] Noida is the leading mobile manufacturing hub in India, home to the Samsung, Xiaomi, Google Pixel, Vivo and OPPO, collectively responsible for over 60% of India's mobile production.[20] A new planned city, Greater Noida extensions further expand capacity with new SEZs and tech parks.[21]

History

Noida came into administrative existence on 17 April 1976 and celebrates 17 April as "Noida Day". It was set up as part of an urbanisation thrust during the controversial Emergency period (1975–1977). The city was created under the UP Industrial Area Development Act, 1976 by the initiatives of Sanjay Gandhi.[22] The city has the highest per capita income in Uttar Pradesh, ahead of Lucknow.[23] Noida is classified as a special economic zone (SEZ).[24] The Noida Authority is among the richest civic bodies in the country.[25]

Geography

Noida is located in the Gautam Buddh Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh state of India. Noida is about 19 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of New Delhi, 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of the district headquarters, Greater Noida, and 520 kilometres (323 mi) northwest of the state capital, Lucknow. It is bound on the west and southwest by the Yamuna River, on the north and northwest by the city of Delhi, on the northeast by the cities of Delhi and Ghaziabad on the north-east, east, and south-east by the Hindon River. Noida falls under the catchment area of the Yamuna River, and is located on the old riverbed. The soil is rich and loamy.[26]

Climate

Noida features a hot semi arid climate (BSh) under the Köppen climate classification.[27]

In summer (March to June), the weather remains hot and the temperature ranges from a maximum of 48 °C to a minimum of 30 °C.

Monsoon season prevails from late-June to mid-September.

The cold waves from the Himalayan region make the winters in Noida chilly and harsh. Temperatures can fall to as low as 2 °C at the peak of the winter season.[28] Noida also has fog and smoke problems. In January, a dense fog envelops the city, reducing visibility on the streets.[29]

Climate data for Noida (1991-2021)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 20.1
(68.2) 		23.6
(74.5) 		29.8
(85.6) 		36.7
(98.1) 		39.5
(103.1) 		39.2
(102.6) 		35.2
(95.4) 		34.3
(93.7) 		34.1
(93.4) 		31.6
(88.9) 		27.3
(81.1) 		22.2
(72.0) 		31.1
(88.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 13.5
(56.3) 		16.9
(62.4) 		22.5
(72.5) 		29.1
(84.4) 		32.7
(90.9) 		32.9
(91.2) 		29.9
(85.8) 		28.7
(83.7) 		27.7
(81.9) 		25.2
(77.4) 		20.4
(68.7) 		15.3
(59.5) 		24.6
(76.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 7.7
(45.9) 		10.6
(51.1) 		15.2
(59.4) 		21.0
(69.8) 		25.3
(77.5) 		27.5
(81.5) 		26.6
(79.9) 		25.8
(78.4) 		23.9
(75.0) 		18.9
(66.0) 		14.0
(57.2) 		9.2
(48.6) 		18.8
(65.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 23
(0.9) 		33
(1.3) 		20
(0.8) 		14
(0.6) 		20
(0.8) 		74
(2.9) 		208
(8.2) 		183
(7.2) 		99
(3.9) 		13
(0.5) 		5
(0.2) 		8
(0.3) 		700
(27.6)
Average rainy days 2 3 3 3 4 7 15 15 8 2 1 1 64
Average relative humidity (%) 68 62 48 29 32 47 72 78 73 58 55 62 51
Mean daily sunshine hours 8.2 9.4 10.6 11.5 12.1 11.8 9.5 9.0 9.3 10.1 9.6 8.8 10.0
Source: Climate Data[27]

Noida has been ranked 6th best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 2 3-10L Population cities) in India.[30]

Demographics

According to voter data published by the Election Commission of India has constituency-level estimates for the GB Nagar Lok Sabha seat in Gautam Buddha Nagar district, community-wise population figures are often discussed during elections. Reports suggest that the Rajput community is estimated at around 4.5–5 lakh individuals thus making them single-largest voter group in Gautam Buddha Nagar (Noida).[31] Other estimates indicate approximately 3–3.5 lakh Gujjars, around 2.5–3 lakh Brahmins, and nearly 4 lakh voters belonging to Scheduled Castes and Communities. The Muslim population in the constituency is believed to be close to 3.5 lakh, making them a significant part of the electoral landscape.[31][32][33]

As per provisional data of 2011 census, Noida had a population of 637,272 out of which the male population was 349,397 and the female population was 287,875. The literacy rate was 88.58 per cent. Male literacy was 92.90% and female literacy was 83.28%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 6.67% and 0.29% of the population respectively.[9]

Religions in Noida (2011)[34]
Religion Percent
Hinduism 86.86%
Islam 8.55%
Sikhism 1.11%
Christianity 0.86%
Jainism 0.54%
Other or not stated 2.08%
Distribution of religions

There are people of almost all major religions, but the majority practice Hinduism. Many famous Hindu temples are located in the city, some of the more famous ones are the Hanuman temple in Sector 22, the Kalibari Temple in Sector 26, the ISKCON temple in Sector 33, Shree Jagannath Temple in Sector 34, Sai Baba Temple in Sector 61, Shiv Mandir in Sector 31, Shri Ram Mandir in Sector 36 and the Kuti Temple at Sec 163 Mohiyapur. Locals believe that the birth of Ravana also took place on the outskirts of Noida in a village called Bishrakh (near Noida-Greater Noida border).[35] A Shia Jama Masjid in Sector 50 and St. Gregorios Indian Orthodox Church in Sector 51, Mar Thoma Church in Sector 50, and St. Mary's Catholic Church in Sector 34 are also well known.

Hindi is the most spoken language. Other languages such as Urdu and Punjabi, are spoken by a minority. There is a smattering of speakers of other languages due to Ghaziabad's position in the Delhi metro area.[36]

Government and politics

Administration

Water Management

Noida has been selected as a ‘water warrior’ city by the Jal Shakti Ministry for its wastewater reutilisation for irrigation purposes.[37] Under Noida's jurisdiction, there are currently eight operational sewage treatment plants (STPs), with a combined capacity of 411 MLD.[38]

Authority

The city's infrastructure is looked after by the NOIDA Authority, a statutory authority set-up under Uttar Pradesh Industrial Area Development Act, 1976.[22] NOIDA Authority's head is its chairman, who is an IAS officer; the authority's daily matters, however, are looked after by its CEO, who is also an IAS officer.[39] NOIDA Authority comes under the Infrastructure and Industrial Development Department of Uttar Pradesh Government. The present Chairman of NOIDA Authority is Deepak Kumar (IAS)[40] and CEO is Krishna Karunesh (IAS).[41][42]

General administration

The Gautam Budh Nagar district is a part of Meerut division, headed by the Divisional Commissioner, who is an IAS officer of high seniority. The Commissioner is the head of local government institutions (including Municipal Corporations) in the division, is in-charge of infrastructure development in his division, and is also responsible for maintaining law and order in the division.[43][44][45][46][47] The District Magistrate, hence, reports to the Divisional Commissioner of Meerut. The current Divisional Commissioner of Meerut is Smt. Selva Kumari J. (IAS).[48]

Gautam Budh Nagar district administration is headed by the District Magistrate (DM) of Gautam Budh Nagar, who is an IAS officer. The DM is in charge of property records and revenue collection for the central government and oversee the national elections held in the city.[43][49][50][51][52]

The district magistrate is assisted by one chief development officer, three additional district magistrates (ADM) (Executive, Finance & Revenue and Law & Order), and one city magistrate. The district has divided into three Subdivisions named Noida Sadar, Dadri, and Jewar each headed by a sub-divisional magistrate (SDM) who reports to the district magistrate. The current DM of Gautam Buddha Nagar (Noida) since is Medha Roopam (IAS).

Law enforcement

In January 2020, the government of Uttar Pradesh, led by CM Yogi Adityanath announced that Gautam Buddha Nagar (Noida) and Lucknow will have a Commissionerate Police system,[53] headed by a Commissioner of Police who shall directly report to the DGP of Uttar Pradesh Police. The Commissioner of Police (Additional DGP rank) is assisted by two Additional Commissioner of Police (Deputy IGP rank). Below them, there are seven Deputy Commissioner of Police/DCP (SP rank).[54]

Noida[55] is divided into three police zones i.e. Noida, Central Noida and Greater Noida, each of them under a zonal DCP (SP rank). Apart from these three zonal DCPs, Noida Police has four other DCP looking after Headquarters, Traffic, Crime, and Women Safety. Below them, there are 16 Assistant Commissioner of Police/ACP (Deputy SP rank). The current Commissioner of Noida Police is Laxmi Singh, an Indian Police Service (IPS) officer.[12]

Courts

The Court for Noida is situated at District Court Complex, Surajpur Greater Noida, Gautam Budh Nagar formed in 2012 with 18 courts in function. The court complex at Surajpur Greater Noida is built on more than 30 acres of land. The infrastructure of the Court is neat and clean with good size courtrooms.[56][57][58]

Constituencies

Noida (Assembly constituency) represents the area. The incumbent Member of the Legislative Assembly in the Noida (assembly constituency) is Pankaj Singh of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). The city falls under the Gautam Buddha Nagar parliamentary constituency, and the incumbent Member of Parliament is Mahesh Sharma.

Residential sectors and villages

Noida is home to a large number of residential sectors and villages. As of 2021, the city has a total of 168 residential sectors that offer a range of housing options to its residents.[59]

Geographical area 1,442 km2 (557 sq mi)
Population 1,105,290; 600,950(M), 504,340 (F)
Literate 627,930; 402,230(M), 225,700 (F)
Tehsils 3
Development blocks 4
Nyay panchayat 38
Gram sabha 243
Inhabited village 343
Inhabited village 30
Towns 8
Source http://gbnagar.nic.in/

Utilities

Infrastructure

Noida ranks one of the cleanest medium population cities when it comes to cleanliness among cities in India.[60] The creation of associated physical infrastructure is higher in Noida and Greater Noida.[61] Most of the land in Noida is not very fertile and the agricultural output is low. It is in the flood plains of the Yamuna River on one side and the Hindon River on the other. Many villages are visible from the Noida Expressway, beginning from the Mahamaya flyover to Greater Noida on both sides. One end of the Taj expressway terminates on Noida Expressway near the Hindon River and the other at Agra. Up until the 1980s, these villages were flooded every two–three years, resulting in people temporarily moving to other places in Noida, and even as far as Mehrauli in South Delhi. Noida is also famous for its tall buildings and comes 2nd in India after Mumbai in this parameter.[62]

The new Parthala Flyover in Noida, which is often compared to the iconic Signature Bridge,[63] is a major infrastructure improvement for the region. The flyover spans across the busy Parthala Chowk intersection, providing a faster and more efficient route for commuters. With its sleek and modern design, the Parthala Flyover has quickly become a landmark in the area and has drawn comparisons to the Signature Bridge in Delhi. While it may not have the same scale or grandeur as the Signature Bridge, the Parthala Flyover is a significant development that has greatly improved the flow of traffic in Noida and reduced travel time for commuters.

There is always a huge amount of revenue surplus each year as they are unable to spend the entire amount on development or on maintaining civic amenities. Lease rent and interest from builders are the biggest contributors to Noida's revenue. Besides, the authority gets huge revenues out of water and property transfer charges. "The Noida authority had deposited ₹3,500 crore as fixed deposits in various banks because of surplus funds. Noida has so much surplus funds with it that it can run the city even if it does not take any taxes from its allottees for 5 years in a row."[64]

A 300 m (980 ft) tall skyscraper named "Supernova Spira" stands on the Noida side of Delhi Noida Border.[65] It was supposed to be the tallest residential tower in northern India after its completion by 2021.[66] The Noida Authority's plans to establish 'New Noida' have opened new opportunities in the Dadri-Noida-Ghaziabad Investment Region (DNGIR). The region will be settled in four phases, according to the Master Plan 2041 submitted recently to the Authority. New Noida will include a land bank consisting of 87 villages of Bulandshahr and Dadri.[67]

In 2014, Allahabad High Court ordered demolition of twin towers and pulled up Noida Authority for collusion with developer. Construction work stopped at the site in 2014 but the twin towers in Noida, built illegally by realty firm Supertech Ltd., were brought down within 12 seconds on 28 August 2022 with more than 3,700 kg of explosives.[68]

Hospitals

There are many private speciality hospitals in Noida, including:

  • Kailash Hospitals
  • Metro Hospitals
  • Fortis Hospital
  • Max Super Speciality Hospital[69]
  • Felix Hospital[70]
  • Yatharth Hospitals[71]

Economy

In the last few years, Noida has also become a hub for software and mobile app development companies like Microsoft,[14] Arm Holdings,[15] HCL,[16] Samsung and Barclays.[17] These companies are contributing to the city's economy with their software product development and service export in foreign currencies. Samsung recently invested ₹50 billion (equivalent to ₹73 billion or US$760 million in 2026) in Noida, under the Make in India initiative.[72]

Paytm, India's largest unicorn fintech company is also headquartered in Noida.[73]

Cityscape

Parks and recreation

Okhla Bird Sanctuary

Okhla Bird Sanctuary (OBS)[74] is at the entrance of the city at the point where the Yamuna river enters the state of Uttar Pradesh from the state of Delhi. The Okhla Barrage over the Yamuna has created the unique position of the OBS which attracts various species of birds. OBS is among the 466 important bird areas in India. About 324 various bird species are seen in the sanctuary, about 50% of which are migratory birds.

Noida Botanical Garden

Noida's botanical garden was formed in 2002 with the aim to turn it into a hub of special and endangered plants, representing the entire country. It is located in Sector 38A of the city. Today, it sprawls across 160 acres, There are around 7,500 plants in the garden. The garden has a seed bank, where seeds of more than 250 plant species are conserved.[75] It also features a map of India, made entirely from plants.

Scientists are giving a new lease of life to endangered and extinct plant species at the Botanical Garden. A look around the green expanse reveals species like Psilotum nudum, better known as skeleton fork fern. Considered a "primitive" plant – a descendant of possibly the first group of vascular plants from 400 million years ago – that was widespread during the Devonian and Silurian periods – its name means "bare naked" in Latin as it lacks most of the organs found in plants species that evolved later.[76][77]

Noida's botanical garden is divided into 10 sections. The "medicinal plants" section has an astounding variety of 96 plants and is further divided into eight sections named after the parts of the human body they benefit. For example, the "digestive system" section has aloe vera and Gymnema sylvestre (madhunaashini), which treats diabetes.

The "blood and circulation" section has Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) and Aristolochia indica (Isharmul) – blood purifiers. The "musculo-skeletal" section has Cissus quadrangularis (Hadjod); "skin disease" section has Plumbago zeylanica (Chitarak) which cures leucoderma.

Noida's botanical garden has a large fruit section which has many varieties of mango, pomegranate, lemon, pear, plum, mulberry, etc., besides their speciality the black guava. The woodland section is equally impressive with trees like Sapindus ]marginatus (Reetha), Pterocarpus marsupium (Sandalwood), Dalbergia sissoo (Sheesham wood), and Tectona Grandis (Teakwood).[78]

The garden also has a lotus pond featuring five different coloured water lilies.[79]

Noida Dog Park

The Noida Dog Park is a 3.85 acres park dedicated to dogs where pet owners can visit with their pets. The park allows dogs to get off-leash exercise and social activity. There are shelters for many stray dogs in the park.[80][81][82] The Noida Authority is planning to hire an agency to run a dog-food canteen and a vet clinic.[83][84] Pet trainers will be provided.[85]

Transport

Metro

Noida is connected by rail by the Noida Metro and Delhi Metro.

  • The Noida Metro is a rapid transit system connecting the twin cities of Noida and Greater Noida in Gautam Buddh Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh, India. The metro network consists of one line (called Aqua Line), with a total length of 29.7 kilometres (18.5 mi) serving 21 stations. A second line is planned.[86]
  • The Delhi Metro officially ran in Noida on 12 November 2009. It now connects Connaught Place and Dwarka sub-city, via the Blue Line. The same Blue Line connects Noida with Vaishali through the Yamuna Bank interchange station.
  • Delhi Metro's Magenta Line connects Noida and Janakpuri via Botanical Garden and Janakpuri West metro stations.[87]

Noida is not directly connected via high-speed rail, but there are railway stations nearby reachable by road, including Ghaziabad railway station and Anand Vihar Terminal. However, the New Delhi Railway Station and Old Delhi Railway station, which are both accessible via metro, are the main railway stations most often used by commuters to reach Noida.

Road

Noida has roads laid mostly in a grid pattern, and all main roads are 6 lanes wide. Noida features three main expressways. One is the DND Flyway, which connects Noida and Delhi, and runs across the river Yamuna. The second is the Noida–Greater Noida Expressway, which connects Noida to Greater Noida. The area adjacent to the NGN Expressway has seen heavy residential development in recent years. The third is the Yamuna Expressway which connects Greater Noida to Agra via Mathura. The Eastern Peripheral Expressway, Delhi–Meerut Expressway, Upper Ganges Canal Expressway and the Ganga Expressway are the four expressways that are currently under construction which will be passing through the city.

A 4/6-lane double-decker elevated road is over the MP-II which takes only 5 minutes to cross the whole city. This 4.8 km (3.0 mi) road starts from Flex crossing and ends at Vishwa Bharti school. Another elevated road from sector 12/22 to sector 12/10-21/21A crossing is going to be built on the MP-I road. Three more elevated roads are planned. Along with these five elevated roads, several underpasses are under construction or approval and all these projects could be completed by 2020. Noida will become the city with the highest number of elevated roads and underpasses in India.

UPSRTC, DTC and private buses ply through some routes in the city. Taxi, auto-rickshaws, and cycle rickshaws are available for short-distance transport. Some services allow vehicle owners to hire a professional driver to drive their own cars for local or intercity journeys.[88]

The Noida-Greater Noida Expressway has become a self-sustaining urban pocket in Noida. This 24.5 km (15.2 mi) long corridor has attracted real estate Noida Extension investors and buyers with its infrastructure facilities and connectivity to the other regions of NCR.

This area has emerged as a major growth corridor. Sectors abutting this corridor are 44, 45, 92–94, 96–100, 105, 108, 125–137 and 141–168. These sectors lie towards the south and south-east of Noida.

As of December 2021, a new Faridabad-Noida-Ghaziabad (FNG) expressway is also under construction to connect Faridabad and Ghaziabad directly with Noida.[89]

Air

The nearest airport to Noida is the Indira Gandhi International Airport in Delhi.

In June 2017, the Union Government sanctioned the construction of an international airport in Jewar, officially named the Noida International Airport, to reduce the traffic of the one in New Delhi.[90] The groundbreaking for the airport in Jewar was done on 25 November 2021.[91] The first flight validation test of IndiGo's A320neo aircraft was successfully conducted on 9 December 2024, marking the airport's operational readiness.[92] The Noida International Airport is slated to be operational by April 2026 after multiple delays.[93]

The Noida International Airport (Jewar Airport) will be India's largest airport by area upon completion of all phases and is slated to start partial operations by mid-2026. It is designed as a multi-runway hub and will be a game-changer for NCR's connectivity and economy.[94]

Bus

Noida has a bus stand at Morna village in Sector 35. There are regular buses to nearby cities like New Delhi, Dehradun, Ghaziabad, Tappal, Khair, Aligarh, Hathras, Bulandshahr, Meerut, Muzaffarnagar, Haridwar and others. Uttar Pradesh Parivahan runs local buses in the city. However, there are plans to shift the bus stand from Morna.

Education

Colleges and universities

Noida is the location of Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University and various colleges affiliated with it. Noida is also the home to other institutions, including:

  • Amity University Uttar Pradesh[25]
  • IMS Law College
  • Jaypee Institute of Information Technology
  • JSS Academy of Technical Education

Schools

High schools in Noida include:

  • Amity International School, Noida[59]
  • Kendriya Vidyalaya[95]
  • Maharishi Vidya Mandir[96]
  • Ryan International School[97]
  • Delhi Public School, Noida[98]

Media

Noida is a prominent location for the Indian entertainment industry, with many films, television series, news channels, and other media being filmed here. An example of a music company having its headquarters here is T-Series. The city is fast becoming a favourite among directors who want to show a shot of urban culture or college life. According to film producer Rishabh Arora, "Noida has developed a lot in the last decade and feels like home. And it's a great place for outdoor shoots. Films with urban stories become big hits and Noida lends the perfect flavor for urban-themed movies and song sequences. The city has highways, colleges, wide roads, and a good crowd."[99][100] Film City, established by Sandeep Marwah, is a hub for major news channels and studios.

News channels such as News Nation, WION, Zee News, NDTV, TV Today group, Network 18, NewsX, and India TV[101] are situated here and some newspaper companies are also working in Noida such as Amar Ujala – Noida, Dainik Jagran, Dainik Bhaskar, Rajasthan Patrika, The Indian Express, Tricity Today and The Times of India. Noida's proximity to Delhi, which is the political hub of the country, makes it an attractive destination for news channels. Commercial activities have also risen in recent years, with a spate of new malls including Mall of India, The Great India Place, Modi Mall[30] and multiplexes.

Sports

In 2005, the city hosted the Noida Half-Marathon and the city's maiden international exposure, the Queen's Baton Relay for the Commonwealth Games. The cycling competition for the 2010 commonwealth games was held at Noida-Greater Noida Expressway.[39] The Noida Golf Course is situated on the southern end of the city. The Noida Golf 18-hole par 72 Course having a length of 6989 yards length has been assessed by Indian Golf Union Technical Committee. In 2011, Greater Noida hosted the inaugural Formula One Indian Grand Prix at the Buddh International Circuit constructed by the Jaypee Group. The circuit is the first of its kind in South Asia.

An international cricket stadium has been built in Sector 21 known as Noida Cricket Stadium. With a capacity of around 20,000 spectators, the Noida Stadium Complex houses facilities like dedicated tracks for cycling enthusiasts, golf, and football training facilities. The Noida Cricket Stadium Complex consists of a Basketball court, Squash court, Table-tennis court, Lawn tennis court, Golf course, and Skating rink.[102]

A 50,000-capacity cricket stadium-cum-sports facility with 125 acres land will be built at Noida Expressway in Sector 152, which makes it bigger than Arun Jaitley Cricket Stadium in capacity and area.[103][104]

Notable people

Literature and the arts

  • Vikram Seth, novelist and poet

Politics

  • Nawab Singh Nagar, politician[105]
  • Tejpal Singh Nagar, politician[105]
  • Mahesh Sharma, politician
  • Pankaj Singh, politician, MLA for Noida
  • Rajendra Singh Solanki, politician
  • D. P. Yadav, politician

Sports

  • Parvinder Awana, Indian cricketer
  • Varun Singh Bhati, para high jumper
  • Shivam Mavi, Indian cricketer
  • Robin Singh, footballer
  • Arjun Vajpai, mountaineer

Villages in Noida City

Noida originally consisted of around 81 villages, but now comes under the Gautam Buddh Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh.[106]

Still, Noida villages lack permanent postal and individual address but according to officials, the homes in villages will be soon mapped using aerial imagery captured by drones designed by North East Centre for Technology Application and Reach (NECTAR), an autonomous society set up under the Union government's department of science and technology. These maps will also provide crucial information about rural areas in an emergency. Officials said it will take almost a year to complete mapping and allotting addresses to all 81 villages.

With houses getting mapped and being allotted a formal address in Noida villages, procuring information on land rights, development plans, etc. will become easier. "Easily available maps will also be helpful in advancing development plans and settling disputes over bordering parcels of land. Mapping will also ease land transfers, by creating reliable maps and title documents."[106]

Noida Metro

The Noida Metro is a rapid transit system serving the twin cities of Noida and Greater Noida in Uttar Pradesh, India. The metro network consists of one line (Aqua Line), with a total length of 29.7 kilometres (18.5 mi) serving 21 stations, all of them elevated. The system uses standard-gauge tracks.

The services are available from 6:00am to 10:00pm from Monday to Saturday. On Sundays, trains are available between 8:00am and 10:00pm. The trains make 163 trips a day on weekdays, using a fleet of 10 trains and the frequency is 10 minutes during peak hours (8:00am–11:00am and 5:00pm–8:00pm) and 15 minutes during off-peak hours. On Saturday and Sunday the frequency is 10 minutes.[4] Initially, the trains are composed of four cars to be extended up to six in the future.

Noida Metro is the 11th Metro system to be built in India and 2nd in Uttar Pradesh after Lucknow Metro. It is the ninth longest operational metro network in India after the Delhi Metro, Hyderabad Metro, Chennai Metro, Namma Metro and Kolkata Metro.

Noida Metro Rail Corporation (NMRC), a state-owned corporation, built and owns the system. However, the operations and maintenance of Noida Metro lies with Delhi Metro Rail Corporation.[5] The line is connected to Delhi Metro's Noida Sector 52 metro station at Noida Sector 51 station by a footbridge. Foundation for the NMRC project was laid down in October 2014, with the construction being commenced by the end of December 2014 by then Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh Akhilesh Yadav. Trial runs started in August 2018, and the metro was inaugurated on 25 January 2019 by Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, Yogi Adityanath.[6] It is planned to be connected with the proposed Jewar Airport through an extension of the Aqua Line.[7]

History

The Uttar Pradesh government approved the construction of a 29.7 km (18.5 mi) metro line, linking Noida with Greater Noida in October 2014.[8] The government also appointed the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) as the turnkey consultant for the project.[9]

The detailed project report (DPR) was prepared by the DMRC. A Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) called the Noida Metro Rail Corporation (NMRC) was formed to implement the project.[10] The Uttar Pradesh Cabinet approved the project and forwarded the DPR to Government of India in October 2013. The Government of India and UP will each bear 20% of the costs and loans from external agencies would be taken to fund the rest 60% of the project.[11] Twenty percent funding from UP will be shared by Noida and Greater Noida Authorities, based on the length of track that passes through the two areas.[12][10]

The NMRC announced on 30 November 2016 that the first line of the metro would be called the Aqua Line. Explaining the choice, NMRC managing director Santosh Yadav stated, "Aqua signifies an eco-friendly colour, which is what we want to portray."[13] The project received safety clearance from the commissioner of metro rail safety on 21 December 2018.[14]

The Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority (GNIDA) approved an extension of the Aqua Line as part of Phase 2 of the metro project on 4 December 2018. The 15 km extension will link Noida Sector 71 to Knowledge Park 5 in Greater Noida. The extension will consist of nine stations and is expected to cost ₹2,602 crore (US$270 million).[15][16] The new stations are Sector 122 and Sector 123 in Noida and Sector 4, Ecotech 12, Sectors 2, Sector 3, Sector 10, Sector 12 and Knowledge Park V in Greater Noida.[17]

Construction Phases

Phase 1: Noida Sector 51–Depot (Aqua Line)

The first phase of the Noida Metro project involved the construction of an approximately 29.7 km elevated corridor connecting Noida Sector 51 with Depot station in Greater Noida, comprising 21 stations.[18] The Government of Uttar Pradesh approved the project in October 2014.[19] The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), which was appointed to execute the project, commenced construction on 25 May 2015.[20]

Construction progressed throughout 2016 and 2017. Approximately 70% of the civil work had been completed by February 2017.[21] By July 2017, around 95% of the civil work on the elevated track and 21 stations had been completed.[22] The elevated viaduct was completed in November 2017 following the installation of the final girder.[23]

The first four metro coaches, manufactured in China, arrived at the Greater Noida depot on 14 December 2017.[24] Initial trial runs began on 2 January 2018 near the Greater Noida depot and were subsequently extended to other sections of the corridor.[25] Testing and safety inspections continued throughout 2018. The Commissioner of Metro Rail Safety conducted the final safety inspection in December 2018, and clearance for commercial operations was reported on 21 December 2018.[26][27]

The Aqua Line was inaugurated on 25 January 2019 by Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, with passenger services commencing on 26 January 2019.[28]

Phase 1 network
No. Line name Terminals Stations Length (km) Opening date
1 Aqua Line Noida Sector 51 Depot Station 21 29.7 km (18.5 mi) 25 January 2019
Total 21 29.7 km (18.5 mi)

Phase 2

Noida Sector 51–Knowledge Park V extension

The proposed extension of the Aqua Line from Noida Sector 51 to Knowledge Park V in Greater Noida West was initially planned as a 14.958 km corridor comprising nine stations, with construction proposed in two stages.[29] The first stage was planned to connect Noida Sector 51 with Greater Noida Sector 2, covering approximately 9.15 km with five stations, while the second stage would extend approximately 5.8 km from Greater Noida Sector 2 to Knowledge Park V, comprising four stations.[30][31]

The original alignment was subsequently revised to improve connectivity with the Delhi Metro Blue Line. On 5 February 2024, the Noida Metro Rail Corporation (NMRC) approved a revised Detailed Project Report (DPR) prepared by the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation. The revised project comprises a 17.435 km elevated corridor with 11 proposed stations and an estimated completion cost of ₹2,991.60 crore.[32]

The revised alignment includes an interchange at Noida Sector 51 with the Delhi Metro Blue Line. Following approval by the NMRC board, the DPR was submitted to the state and central governments for further consideration.[33]

Noida Sector 142–Botanical Garden extension

Another extension of the Aqua Line is planned between Noida Sector 142 and Botanical Garden. The proposed corridor is 11.56 km long and comprises eight elevated stations, providing an interchange with the Delhi Metro Blue and Magenta lines at Botanical Garden.[34]

The NMRC board approved the project's Detailed Project Report on 27 December 2023, and the report was submitted to the Government of Uttar Pradesh in January 2024.[35] The Uttar Pradesh Cabinet approved the proposal on 25 June 2024, after which it was to be forwarded to the central government for further approval and funding.[36]

The Union Cabinet approved the corridor in February 2026.[37] A formal sanction order was issued on 17 March 2026, with a completion period of 48 months from the date of sanction.[38]

In August 2026, NMRC selected Larsen & Toubro as the construction contractor for the corridor, along with the Depot–Boraki extension.[39]

Depot–Boraki extension

The Depot–Boraki extension is a proposed 2.6 km elevated extension of the existing Aqua Line beyond Depot station towards Boraki in Greater Noida. It is planned to comprise two stations and connect the metro network with the proposed Boraki Multi-Modal Transport Hub.[34]

The extension was included in NMRC's consultancy procurement for Aqua Line expansion works in 2026, alongside the Sector 142–Botanical Garden corridor.[40] In August 2026, Larsen & Toubro was selected as the construction contractor for the Depot–Boraki extension together with the Sector 142–Botanical Garden corridor.[39]

Phase 2 network
No. Line name Terminals Stations Length (km) Opening date
1 Aqua Line Knowledge Park V Noida Sector 51 11 17.43 km (10.83 mi) 2030
2 Depot Station Boraki 2 2.6 km (1.6 mi) 2030
3 Aqua Branch Line Botanical Garden Noida Sector 142 8 11.56 km (7.18 mi) 2030
Total 21 31.59 km (19.63 mi)

Proposed extensions

Ballabhgarh–Noida Airport Metro

The National Capital Region Transport Corporation (NCRTC) has identified a Delhi–Faridabad–Ballabhgarh–Palwal regional rapid transit corridor among its proposed future projects.[41] Separately, the Government of India approved revised costs for a 31.42 km road corridor connecting the Delhi–Faridabad–Ballabhgarh–Sohna spur of the Delhi–Mumbai Expressway with Noida International Airport in March 2026.[42]

Greater Noida–Noida Airport rail corridor

Rail connectivity between Greater Noida and Noida International Airport has been proposed as part of the wider regional transport network. The National Capital Region Transport Corporation (NCRTC) prepared a Detailed Project Report (DPR) for a proposed Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS)-cum-metro corridor connecting Ghaziabad with Noida International Airport via Greater Noida. The approximately 72 km corridor was divided into two sections, from Ghaziabad to Ecotech VI in Greater Noida and from Ecotech VI to Noida International Airport.[43] The proposal includes both regional rapid transit and local metro services.[44]

Noida Airport–Sector 21 Amusement Park PRT

The Yamuna Expressway Industrial Development Authority (YEIDA) proposed a Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) system, commonly referred to as a pod taxi, to connect Noida International Airport with the proposed amusement park and International Film City in Sector 21 along the Yamuna Expressway.[45]

In February 2022, YEIDA approved the Detailed Project Report for the proposed system, then estimated to cost ₹810 crore.[46] In July 2023, YEIDA invited global tenders for a revised 14.6 km PRT corridor connecting the airport with Sector 21.[47]

Lines

Aqua Line

The Noida Metro currently operates one line, known as the Aqua Line, which connects Noida Sector 51 with Depot station in Greater Noida. The line is approximately 29.7 km (18.5 mi) long and consists of 21 elevated stations, including 15 in Noida and six in Greater Noida. It commenced operations on 25 January 2019 and is operated by the Noida Metro Rail Corporation (NMRC).[48]

Several extensions of the Aqua Line have been proposed, including a 17.4 km corridor from Noida Sector 51 to Knowledge Park V, an 11.56 km corridor from Noida Sector 142 to Botanical Garden, and a 2.6 km extension from Depot station to Boraki. The proposed Botanical Garden extension would provide interchange connections with the Blue Line and Magenta Line of the Delhi Metro.[49]

Network

Noida Metro
Line Name First Operation Last Extension Stations Length Terminal Rolling Stock Track Gauge (mm) Electrification
Aqua Line 25 January 2019 21 29.7 km (18.5 mi) Noida Sector 51 Depot Station CRRC Nanjing Puzhen 1435 25 kV 50 Hz AC (OHE)
Total 21 29.7 km (18.5 mi)

Status updates

Phase 1

Noida Sector 51 to Depot

  • Oct 2014: UP Government approves the metro project.[50]
  • Sep 2015: Work progress in around Sec-71, Noida.[51][52]
  • Nov 2015: 700 piles (pillar foundation) out of total 5000 have been made.[53]
  • Feb 2016: NMRC completes first phase of construction in eight months. At this rate, the corridor is expected to be operational publicly by May 2017.
  • Feb 2017: 70% work completed.[54]
  • Mar 2017: Train trials to start by December 2017 and commercial operations by April 2018.[55]
  • June 2017: Commercial operations to start by April 2018.[56]
  • July 2017: 95% civil work of track and metro station completed, trial to start by year end.[57]
  • Aug 2017: Metro train trial to start by year end on 6-km track from Depot station to Knowledge Park station.[58]
  • Sep 2017: Commercial operations to start by April 2018.[59]
  • Oct 2017: 97% civil work done. All stations to be ready by October end.[60]
  • Nov 2017: The last girder was placed thus completing viaduct work for whole metro line.[61]
  • Dec 2017: Four Aqua Line coaches arrive from China, each costing INR 11 crores. Trial run to begin soon.[62][63]
  • Jan 2018: Limited trial run started on 1 km (0.62 mi) stretch.[64]
  • Mar 2018: Full-fledged trial run to start in April.[65]
  • Jun 2018: Trial runs going on from Gr Noida Depot to Noida Sector-148 slowly it will be extended to terminating station in Noida Sector-71. The line will become fully operational by Dec 2018.[66]
  • Sep 2018: Trials continued for extended month till November 2018.
  • Nov 2018: Currently, the corridor is undergoing extensive trials prior to final inspection by the commissioner of metro rail safety.[67]
  • Dec 2018: Safety trial successfully conducted and fares decided.[68]
  • Jan 2019: On 25 January, Aqua line was inaugurated by Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath & cabinet minister for Housing and Urban Affairs Hardeep Singh Puri.

Phase 2

  • Dec 2018: Uttar Pradesh government approved the project on 04-Dec-2018.
  • Aug 2019: Project to get delayed due to financial viability. PPP mode to be explored.[69]
  • Dec 2019: Project approved in Uttar Pradesh cabinet meeting, project deadline set to 2022
  • Jun 2020: Tenders invited and to be submitted by end of June-2020.[70]
  • July 2020: Tender for construction to be awarded by September.[71]
  • Feb 2021: The tender and bidding process for Noida Aqua-Line Extension Project was conducted thrice between June 2020 and February 2021 but all three times they were cancelled due to relatively low response from the construction companies.
  • June 2021: Tender for the Noida Metro Aqua Line Extension has been floated for the fourth time
  • July 2021: This time NMRC has received 3 bids from Sam India Builtwell, GR Infra Projects, and Ashoka Buildcon. After the technical evaluation of bids NMRC has final candidates.

Infrastructure

Rolling stock

The metro uses lightweight rakes made of stainless steel and aluminum, manufactured by China's CRRC Corporation. Each train has a seating capacity of 186 and a standing capacity of 848, with total capacity of 1,034 passengers. Nineteen rakes with four coaches each, a total of 76 coaches, will operate of the Aqua Line. The cost of each coach is ₹4 crore (US$420,000). Trains are equipped with a passenger information system, a public address system and an emergency announcement system from the operation control centre.[72]

Power

All 21 stations, the train depot, and the NMRC offices will be powered by solar energy. The NMRC will install solar panels on the rooftops of all stations, footbridges, its main office building, the depot and parking lot boundary walls to generate an estimated 12 MW of solar power daily. The metro system will also be supplemented with conventional electricity, which will also be used as a backup. Trains will not be powered by solar power, and will instead use conventional power supply.[73]

Signaling

The Noida Metro's signalling and train control system is based on Communications-Based Train Control (CBTC) technology supplied by a consortium led by Ansaldo STS (now part of Hitachi Rail).[74][75]

City bus & Feeder bus

In the first phase, 50 AC CNG buses low floor buses are being operated on 6 routes. Noida and Greater Noida authorities were given the responsibility of running the City Bus Service in the ratio of 70:30 to the Noida Metro Rail Corporation.[76][77] Urban Mass Transit Company (UMTC) presented the assessment of requirement of buses on 27 routes by conducting a survey for the city bus service and monitoring will be done by Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation.[78] While one route will provide service as Metro feeder buses, two routes will cover intra city service, while one route will be for intra connectivity in Greater Noida city. Two routes have also been dedicated for connectivity between the cities of Noida and Greater Noida.[78] The salient features of buses operated are:

  • All buses are air conditioned buses propelled with BS-IV CNG fuel[79]
  • Technical specification of buses compatible with Urban Bus Specification –II as published by MOUD Govt. of India
  • The entry floor height of the bus is 340 mm, the first of its kind in India[80]
  • The bus has provision of a kneeling mechanism with manual ramp for disabled persons[81]
  • The bus is completely ITS equipped with PIS Boards and LED boards[78]
  • CCTV have been fitted inside the bus for safety of passengers[81]

Operations

Trains operate at an average speed of 35 km/h (22 mph) with a headway of ten minutes during non-peak hours and 7.30 minutes during peak hours from Monday to Friday, 15 minutes headway for Saturday and Sunday.[72]

Ridership

Passenger usage on the Aqua Line has grown considerably since the corridor became operational in 2019, reflecting increasing urban development across Noida and Greater Noida as well as stronger feeder connectivity to surrounding sectors. The network initially recorded average daily ridership figures of nearly 11,852 passengers during its early operational phase.[82] Ridership later crossed the 50,000 daily passenger mark, while the highest single-day usage recorded on the line was 74,370 passengers during the Uttar Pradesh International Trade Show in September 2025. By January 2026, the average daily ridership on the Aqua Line had increased to more than 63,000 passengers.[83]

Network Map

संदर्भ / स्रोत

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