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Kanpur

Kanpur (/kɑːnˈpʊər/ ⓘ , Hindi pronunciation: [kaːn̪.pʊɾ]), originally named Kanhapur [10] and formerly anglicized as Cawnpore , is a large city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Founded by Rajput ruler Hindu Singh Chandel, Kanpur became one of the most important commercial and military stations of British Raj. [11] [12]

Kanpur (/kɑːnˈpʊər/ ⓘ, Hindi pronunciation: [kaːn̪.pʊɾ]), originally named Kanhapur[10] and formerly anglicized as Cawnpore, is a large city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Founded by Rajput ruler Hindu Singh Chandel, Kanpur became one of the most important commercial and military stations of British Raj.[11][12]

The city is home to historical monuments such as the Jajmau Ghat which dates back to the 17th century AD. Kanpur is also home to several historical sites such as the Kanpur Museum, Bhitargaon Temple, European Cemetery and Nanarao Park.

It is the 12th most populous city and the 11th most populous urban agglomeration in India (2011 census). Kanpur was an important British garrison town until 1947, when India gained independence. The urban district of Kanpur Nagar serves as the headquarters of the Kanpur division, Kanpur Range and Kanpur Zone.

It was the most populous urban city in the 2011 Indian census and the largest urban agglomeration in Uttar Pradesh, while the population of city and its suburbs were around 5 million, making it the eighth-most populous metropolitan area in India.

History

The city of Kanpur is widely believed to have been founded by Raja Hindu Singh Chandel of the Sachendi state. Its original name was Kanhpur,[13][14][15] possibly derived from Kanhiyapur or established to commemorate the Kanhaiya Ashtam festival, a day the Raja considered auspicious. An alternative theory suggests the name is a variation of Karnapur, linking it to the Mahabharata character, Karna. In its early stages, Kanpur was a collection of smaller villages, including Patkapura, Kuraswam, Juhi, and Seesamau.[15]

The strategic importance of the area was recognized by the British following their victory over Shuja-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Awadh, near Jajmau in May 1765. Although Kanpur remained part of the Oudh Kingdom until 1801, a British military camp was established there as early as 1778.[16]

The official transfer to British control occurred through the Treaty of 1801 with Nawab Saadat Ali Khan. This marked a turning point in Kanpur's history, as the British began to develop it into a major hub. Leveraging its strategic location on the banks of the Ganges, the East India Company initiated an indigo trade. The city's growth was further accelerated by major infrastructure projects, including the construction of the Grand Trunk Road in 1832 and the addition of roads connecting it to Lucknow and Kalpi in 1864.[16]

1857 Uprising

In the 19th century, Cawnpore was an important British garrison with barracks for 7,000 soldiers. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, 900 British men, women and children were besieged in the fortifications for 22 days by rebels under Nana Sahib. They surrendered on the agreement that they would get safe passage to the nearby Sati Chaura Ghat whereupon they would board barges and be allowed to go by river to Allahabad.[17]

Though controversy surrounds what exactly happened at the Sati Chaura Ghat and who fired the first shot, it is known that soon afterwards the departing British were shot at by the sepoys and were either killed or captured. Some of the British officers later claimed that the sepoys had, on purpose, placed the boats as high in the mud as possible, to cause delay. They also claimed that Sahib's camp had previously arranged for the sepoys to fire upon and to kill all of the English. Although the East India Company later accused Sahib of betrayal and murder of innocent people, no evidence has ever been found to prove that he planned or ordered the massacre. Some historians believe that the Sati Chaura Ghat massacre was the result of confusion and not of any plan implemented by Sahib or his associates. Lieutenant Mowbray Thomson, one of the four male survivors of the massacre, believed that the rank-and-file sepoys who spoke to him did not know of the killing to come.[18]

Many were killed and the remaining 200 British women and children were brought back to shore and sent to a building called the Bibighar ('House of the Ladies'). After some time, the commanders of the rebels decided to kill their hostages. The rebel soldiers refused to carry out orders and butchers from the nearby town were brought in to kill the hostages three days before the British entered the city on 18 July. The dismembered bodies were thrown into a deep well nearby. The British, under General Neill, retook the city and committed a series of retaliations against the rebel sepoys and those civilians caught in the area, including women, children and old men. The Cawnpore Massacre, as well as similar events elsewhere, were seen by the British as justification for unrestrained vengeance.[19] "Remember Cawnpore" became a British war cry for the rest of the war.

Geography

Kanpur is located at 26°27′00″N 80°19′55″E / 26.449923°N 80.331874°E / 26.449923; 80.331874 in the central-western part of the state of Uttar Pradesh. The city lies 484 kilometres (301 mi) southeast of the national capital, New Delhi, and 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of the state capital, Lucknow. It is a part of the historical region of Awadh.

Situated in the flat Indo-Gangetic Plains, Kanpur has an average elevation of 318 metres (1,043 ft) above sea level.[20] The Ganga flows by the city and several ghats are located on its banks, notably the Sati Chaura Ghat and Sarsaiya Ghat. The Brahmavart Ghat located at Bithoor (25 km northwards) is another ghat of religious importance.

Several parks and recreational areas are located in Kanpur. Nana Rao Park and Phool Bagh are among the prominent parks in city that have existed from the time of the British Raj. The Moti Jheel, a rectangular lake, was originally developed as a drinking water reservoir. The lake has now been developed as a recreational area with a landscaped garden and a children's park. Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary is also located near Kanpur.

Climate

Like most of lowland northern India, Kanpur has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Cwa) bordering on a hot semi-arid climate (BSh) under the Köppen climate classification. Kanpur sees an annual precipitation of 865–900 mm (34.1–35.4 in). The southwest monsoon enters around 20–23 June, and total precipitation from the monsoon is 750–800 mm (30–31 in). Southwest monsoon withdrawal takes place generally between the last week of September and the first week of October. The month of October saw heavy monsoon rains in the years 1971 (133 mm), 1985 (367 mm), 1999 (137 mm), 2013 (143 mm), and 2022 (225 mm), and 2024.

Annual precipitation reached at least 1,000 mm (39 in) in 2008, 2010, 2013, 2018–2022 and 2024.

Climate data for Kanpur Airport (1991–2020, extremes 1901–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 31.1
(88.0) 		35.6
(96.1) 		42.8
(109.0) 		45.6
(114.1) 		47.2
(117.0) 		47.3
(117.1) 		45.0
(113.0) 		40.6
(105.1) 		40.0
(104.0) 		40.6
(105.1) 		36.1
(97.0) 		31.3
(88.3) 		47.3
(117.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 22.3
(72.1) 		25.8
(78.4) 		30.7
(87.3) 		37.0
(98.6) 		40.3
(104.5) 		39.2
(102.6) 		34.7
(94.5) 		32.9
(91.2) 		32.8
(91.0) 		32.9
(91.2) 		28.3
(82.9) 		24.1
(75.4) 		31.5
(88.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 15.2
(59.4) 		18.3
(64.9) 		22.8
(73.0) 		28.5
(83.3) 		32.8
(91.0) 		33.3
(91.9) 		30.8
(87.4) 		29.4
(84.9) 		28.5
(83.3) 		25.4
(77.7) 		20.6
(69.1) 		16.6
(61.9) 		25.15
(77.27)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 8.0
(46.4) 		10.8
(51.4) 		14.8
(58.6) 		20.0
(68.0) 		25.4
(77.7) 		27.4
(81.3) 		27.0
(80.6) 		26.0
(78.8) 		24.2
(75.6) 		18.0
(64.4) 		13.0
(55.4) 		9.0
(48.2) 		18.3
(64.9)
Record low °C (°F) 1.6
(34.9) 		0.6
(33.1) 		7.2
(45.0) 		11.1
(52.0) 		16.4
(61.5) 		20.6
(69.1) 		21.7
(71.1) 		21.7
(71.1) 		11.8
(53.2) 		4.6
(40.3) 		0.5
(32.9) 		−0.9
(30.4) 		−0.9
(30.4)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 22.7
(0.89) 		14.0
(0.55) 		8.9
(0.35) 		5.9
(0.23) 		10.3
(0.41) 		84.0
(3.31) 		260.0
(10.24) 		235.0
(9.25) 		166.0
(6.54) 		33.4
(1.31) 		6.0
(0.24) 		4.7
(0.19) 		864.5
(34.04)
Average rainy days 1.9 1.1 1.5 0.7 1.4 4.7 11.2 10.8 5.9 1.3 0.5 0.3 41.4
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) 56 53 43 30 31 45 66 76 70 55 61 60 54
Source: India Meteorological Department[21]

Kanpur has been ranked the fifth best National Clean Air City in India under Category 1 (cities with populations greater than 1,000,000) by the Central Pollution Control Board.[22]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1901 202,797—    
1911 178,557−12.0%
1921 216,436+21.2%
1931 219,189+1.3%
1941 452,495+106.4%
1951 646,811+42.9%
1961 892,468+38.0%
1971 1,160,026+30.0%
1981 1,489,301+28.4%
1991 1,874,409+25.9%
2001 2,551,337+36.1%
2011 2,765,348+8.4%
2021 3,104,000+12.2%
Religion in Kanpur (2011)[23]
Religion Percent
Hinduism 78.03%
Islam 19.85%
Sikhism 1.01%
Christianity 0.46%
Other or not stated 0.47%

As per the provisional results of the 2011 census, Kanpur Nagar district has a population of 4,581,000.[24][25] The literacy rate was 79.65 per cent and the sex ratio was 862.[24][26] There are 35 Parsis in Kanpur with their fire temple at The Mall.[27] Hinduism is the majority religion in Kanpur with a sizeable minority of Muslims. Sikhs, Christians and Buddhists are below 2% combined.[23]

Although final 2023 census data is yet to be declared, the population of Kanpur Nagar district is projected to be 6,367,963 in 2023 (per aadhaar data).

As per the 2011 census, the population of Kanpur city and its suburbs was 3,015,645, making it the largest urban agglomeration of Uttar Pradesh. Thereafter, the urban area of Kanpur city has expanded to a large extent. However, the official limits of the area are still pending approval by the Government. Tentatively, the population of Kanpur city and Kanpur metropolitan area in 2024 are projected as 3,926,000 and 5,100,000 respectively as per available data.

Awadhi, Hindi, and Urdu are the predominant languages in the city. Punjabi is spoken by 1.25%, while Bengali is spoken by over 11,000 people in the city.[28]

Government and politics

Local officials
Divisional Commissioner Amit Gupta
District Magistrate Vishakh G. Iyer[29][30][31]
Police Commissioner Ram Krishna Swarnkar[32]
Inspector General, Kanpur Range Prashant Kumar[33]
Vice Chairman, Kanpur Development Authority Vishakh G. Iyer (addl. charge)[34][35]
Mayor Pramila Pandey[36]
Municipal Commissioner Shivasharanappa G. N.[36][37][38]
District Judge Pradeep Kumar Singh[39]
Chief Metropolitan Magistrate Sushil Kumar Singh[39]

Urban infrastructure

The metropolitan region includes Kanpur Nagar Nigam (KNN), 8 kilometres around the KNN boundary, and 47 villages of Unnao district. On the northeastern side it extends to Murtaza Nagar, in the west its limit is Akbarpur, Kanpur Dehat, and the eastern limit has been expanded to the road leading to Fatehpur. The metropolitan region includes the areas of Shuklaganj Municipal Committee (Nagar Palika), Unnao Municipal Committee (Nagar Palika), Akbarpur Village Authority (Nagar Panchayat) and Bithoor Village Authority (Nagar Panchayat).[40]

Administration

General administration

Kanpur division consists of six districts and is headed by the divisional commissioner of Kanpur, an Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer. The commissioner is the head of local government institutions (including municipal corporations) in charge of infrastructure development and maintaining law and order in the division.[41][42][43][44] The district magistrate of Kanpur reports to the divisional commissioner. The current commissioner is Shri Amit Gupta.[29][30][31]

Kanpur district administration is headed by the district magistrate (DM) of Kanpur, an IAS officer. The DM is in charge of property records and revenue collection for the central government, oversees city elections, and is also responsible for maintaining law and order.[41][45][46][47] The DM is assisted by a chief development officer; four district magistrates for finance/revenue, city, land acquisition, and civil supply; and eight city magistrates.[48] The district has four tehsils viz. Sadar, Bilhaur, Ghatampur and Narwal, each headed by a sub-divisional magistrate.[48] The current DM is Mr. Rakesh Kumar Singh.[29][30][31]

Civic administration

Kanpur municipality was established on 22 November 1861, and was upgraded to a municipal corporation in 1959.[49]

The area under the municipal limits of Kanpur city, or Kanpur Municipal Corporation, is spread over an area of 403 square km.[24][50] It oversees civic activities in the city. The head of the corporation is the mayor, but the executive and administration of the corporation are the responsibility of the municipal commissioner, who is an IAS officer.[37] The executive wing is headed by municipal commissioner, Sudhir Kumar,[36][38] and has the following departments: Revenue, City Cleansing, Engineering, Marg Prakash, Health, Accounts, Personnel/HRD, Swasthya Vibhag, Education, Mukya Nagar Lekha Vibhag, Pariyojna, Udyan Vibhag, Chikitsa Vibhag, Encroachment & Cattle Catching Department.[51] There is also an executive committee present in the city.[52][53]

The development of infrastructure in the city is overseen by Kanpur Development Authority (KDA), which comes under the Housing Department of Uttar Pradesh government. The divisional commissioner of Kanpur acts as the ex-officio Chairman of KDA, whereas a vice chairperson, a government-appointed IAS officer, looks after the daily matters of the authority.[54] The current vice-chairman of Kanpur Development Authority is Shri Madan Singh Garbyal.[55]

The municipality receives revenue from general tax, advertisement tax, income from municipal properties, and grants from state government.[56]

Municipal finance

According to financial data published on the CityFinance Portal of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs,[57] the Kanpur Municipal Corporation reported total revenue receipts of ₹931 crore (US$112 million) and total expenditure of ₹805 crore (US$97 million) in 2022–23. Tax revenue accounted for about 21.4% of the total revenue, while the corporation received ₹670 crore in grants during the financial year.

Law and order

The Kanpur District Court is headed by the district judge of Kanpur, who is assisted by numerous additional district judges, civil judges (senior division) and additional civil judges. Kanpur is a notified metropolitan area by UP Government under Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, and therefore has a chief metropolitan magistrate, who is assisted by several metropolitan magistrates. The district judge is Shri Pradeep Kumar Singh,[39] and the chief metropolitan magistrate was Shri Sushil Kumar Singh.[39]

Police administration

Kanpur Nagar police administration is headed by a Commissioner of Police which is an IPS officer of the rank of Additional Director General of Uttar Pradesh Police. The present Police Commissioner of Kanpur Nagar is Shri Akhil Kumar, who is assisted by an additional Commissioner, a Joint Commissioner and several Deputy Commissioners, additional Deputy Commissioners, and Assistant Commissioners of Police who are either IPS officers or Provincial Police Service (PPS) officers.[58] Each of the several police circles is headed by an Assistant Commissioner of Police in the rank of deputy superintendent of police.[58]

Politics

Local politics

The city is divided into six zones and 110 wards with a ward population range of 19,000 to 26,000 and 110 corporators directly elected from each ward.[49][59] As mandated by the 74th constitutional amendment, there were 11 ward committees in Kanpur municipal corporation in 1991.[60] Local elections were last held in 2022, when the mayor, Pramila Pandey from the BJP, was re-elected.[61] The previous mayor had been Captain (retired) Jagatvir Singh Drona.[36] As of 2006, Kanpur Municipal Council has an elected mayor-in-council system.[62]

State politics

Kanpur Nagar district encompasses one Lok Sabha constituency and ten Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha constituencies. The city of Kanpur has one representative member of parliament in Lok Sabha for Kanpur, Satyadev Pachauri.

Civic utilities

The first development plan of the city was created by the Kanpur Development Board in 1943. This was followed by the masterplan being designed by the Town and Country Planning Department from 1962 to 1991, which was adopted after the establishment of the Kanpur Development Authority in 1974.[63][56] The most recent masterplan is the Draft Master Plan of 2021 .[56][64]

Electricity is supplied to the city by Kanpur Electricity Supply Company (KESCO), which is under the Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd (UPPCL).[65][66] Fire services are under the state, Uttar Pradesh Fire Service.[67]

Water supply, sewerage is done by the Jal Kal vibhag of KMC.[68] Infrastructure development and maintenance is done by the state's body, UP Jal Nigam.[69] The piped water supply of Kanpur City was started in 1892.[70] After construction of Ganga Barrage on the river, a permanent and reliable source for the water supply got available to provide 1600 mld raw water.[70] The city also receives water from the catchment areas of rivers Ganga and Pandu.[70] However, while the total water supply requirement is 600 mld only 385 mld of potable water is being supplied.[70] The city loses water due to leaky pipes and contamination of natural water sources.[70] There is a severe water crisis in Kanpur.[71]

In 2015, Ganga Pollution Control Unit in Kanpur got about Rs 200 crores to make four STPs functional.[72] The city then reported having three STPs for domestic waste.[72] In 2017, there was only one sewage treatment plant for waste from tanneries, biggest source of industrial pollution to the Ganga, was to be replaced by a newer one costing 400 cr as the old one could only treat 9 MLD at the most. 823.1 MLD of untreated sewage and 212.42 MLD of industrial effluent flow into the river.[73] In 2019, another STP costing worth Rs 816.25 was to be set up.[74] As of 2020, While the government has stopped pollution from Kanpur's biggest drain, Sishamau, of Kanpur's 48 drains, eight still have no devices to stop effluents.[75]

Solid waste management is handled by the KMC.[76] As of 2015, Kanpur generates 1,500 tonnes of solid wastes from domestic and industrial sources, 64,000 tonnes of hazardous waste annually which includes metals and waste generated by tanneries, dye industries and chemical industries; while coal ash produced in Kanpur amounts to 71,000 tonnes per annum.[77]

Transport

Air

Kanpur Airport is a domestic airport and has direct scheduled commercial non-stop flights to New Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad and Bangalore. The nearest international airport to the city is the Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport in Lucknow, which is around 77.1 kilometres (47.9 mi) away.

Rail

Kanpur Central is a major railhead and is among the busiest railway stations in the country. Rail routes connect it to all major cities in the state and the country. It is an A-1 category railway station that comes under the Prayagraj railway division of the North Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. Around 300 trains pass through it daily.[78] Kanpur has eleven railway stations in addition to the main Kanpur Central:

Station name Station code Railway zone Total platforms
Kanpur Central CNB North Central Railway 10
Kanpur Anwarganj CPA North Central Railway 3
Rawatpur RPO North Eastern Railway 1
Kalyanpur KAP North Eastern Railway 1
Mandhana Junction MDA North Eastern Railway 2
Brahmavart BRT North Eastern Railway 1
Govindpuri GOY North Central Railway 3
Panki Dham PKD North Central Railway 3
Chandari Junction CNBI North Central Railway 2
Chakeri CHK North Central Railway 2
Rooma Rooma North Central Railway 2
Kanpur Bridge Left Bank CPB Northern Railway 3

The Kanpur Metro is a mass rapid transit system owned and operated by the Uttar Pradesh Metro Rail Corporation (UPMRC). It consists of two lines, the Orange Line and the Blue Line. The priority corridor of the Orange Line, which connects IIT Kanpur to Motijheel, was inaugurated by Prime Minister Modi on 28 December 2021.[79]

Road

The city has the historically important Grand Trunk Road which serves as the lifeline of the city. There are several important national highways and expressways that pass through and around Kanpur.

NH/NE number Route Length
NH 19 Delhi, Mathura, Agra, Kanpur, Allahabad, Varanasi, Mohania, Aurangabad, Barhi, Palsit, Asansol, Kolkata 1435
NH 27 Porbandar » Udaipur » Kota » Shivpuri » Jhansi » Kanpur » Lucknow  » Darbhanga » Alipurduar » Guwahati » Silchar 3507
NH 34 Gangotri Dham » Rishikesh » Haridwar » Bijnore » Ghaziabad » Aligarh » Kannauj » Kanpur » Hamirpur » Mahoba » Chhatarpur » Jabalpur » Lakhnadon 1426
NH (proposed) Kanpur » Raebareli » Sultanpur » Shahganj » Azamgarh » Gaura Barhaj » Siwan » Muzaffarpur 581
NE 6 Awadh Expressway (Under Construction) Kanpur to Lucknow 62.76
NE 7 Kanpur-Noida Expressway (Proposed) Kanpur to Kannauj to Mainpuri to Bulandshahr to Noida

Branch Hapur

380
Ganga Expressway Haridwar » Meerut » Shahjahanpur » Kanpur  » Raebareli » Prayagraj » Varanasi » Ballia 1024
Outer Ring Road Kanpur Kanpur Metropolitan Area 93

Ring road: In 2011, it was reported by The Indian Express that the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) planned to develop a four-lane outer ring road along the periphery of Kanpur with an aim to prevent traffic congestion in the city caused by long-distance heavy vehicles. The new road, which would help heavy vehicles to bypass the city, would be developed on Built, Operate and Transfer (BOT) basis under the phase-VII of National Highways Development Programme (NHDP).[80]

Economy

Kanpur is an important economic center in India with a GDP of ~$9 billion.[81] According to GDP per capita, it ranks 9th in Uttar Pradesh. Noida and Meerut rank first and second,[82] while the state capital Lucknow ranks seventh.

Education and research

Higher education

The Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur) is a public technical and research university located in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was established in 1959 as one of the first Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), with the assistance of a consortium of nine US research universities as part of the Kanpur Indo-American Programme (KIAP).[83][84]

Other educational institutions in the city include three state universities. Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University is one of the largest universities in northern India and caters to urban and rural students, offering professional and academic courses in the Arts, Science, Commerce, Law, Engineering, Biotechnology, Computer Applications, Management and Medicine.

Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology is an agricultural university named after the Indian revolutionary Chandrashekhar Azad which caters to the needs of the farming community of 29 districts of Uttar Pradesh.

Harcourt Butler Technical University (HBTU) offers Bachelors, Masters, and Doctoral programs in engineering, as well as Masters programs in Business Administration, and Computer Applications. Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology for Handicapped provides technical education to specially-abled students. Inaugurated by former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee in 1997, it is also situated in Kanpur.

National Sugar Institute (NSI) is involved in research, training and advisory services to the sugar and allied industry, and functions under the Department of Food and Public Distribution of the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution.

There are also private universities in the city such as Rama University, which is part of the Rama Group.[85] There are several private technical and management institutions in the city such as the Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology and the Axis Institute of Technology And Management, which are affiliated with Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technical University.

Notable people

  • Lala Kamlapat Singhania, industrialist
  • Padampat Singhania, industrialist
  • Kuldeep Yadav, cricketer
  • Harish-Chandra, mathematician
  • Giriraj Kishore, novelist
  • Irshad Mirza, industrialist
  • Gaurav Khanna, actor
  • Rajeev Shukla, political commentator and former journalist
  • Kamal Nath, politician
  • Tanmay Srivastava

Kanpur Development Authority

Kanpur Development Authority is the urban development agency of Kanpur metropolitan area, Uttar Pradesh, India. As the industries in Kanpur grew faster the village population also attracted towards the city. In present time the population of Kanpur city has crossed 30 lakhs(3 million). Due to the rate of growth in population, it was decided that a development authority should be constituted. Region administered by Kanpur Development Authority and Unnao-Shuklaganj Development Authority comes under Kanpur Metropolitan Area. There has been a proposal to merge both the authorities to form Kanpur Metropolitan Area Development Authority (KMADA).

In accordance to the Uttar Pradesh Urban Development Act, 1973 Kanpur Development Authority was constituted.

Organization

The development of infrastructure in Kanpur is overseen by Kanpur Development Authority (KDA), which comes under the Housing Department of Uttar Pradesh government. The Divisional Commissioner of Kanpur acts as the ex-officio Chairman of KDA, whereas a Vice Chairman, a government-appointed IAS officer, looks after the daily matters of the authority. The current Divisional Commissioner and ex-officio Chairman is Pradeep Kumar Mohanty, whereas the current Vice-Chairman of Kanpur Development Authority is Arvind Singh.

Board

Board of Kanpur Development Authority[4]
Post Designation
Commissioner, Kanpur Division Chairman
Vice Chairman, Kanpur Development Authority Member
Secretary, Housing Member
Secretary, Finance Member
District Magistrate and Collector, Kanpur Member
District Magistrate and Collector, Kanpur Dehat Member
Municipal Commissioner, Kanpur Member
Chief Town and Country Planner Member
Managing Director, Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam Member
Director, Sarvajanik Udyam Bureau Member

Master Plan

Kanpur Development Authority has Master plans (2021) for Kanpur, Akbarpur and Bithoor.[8]

Proposed Master Plan for Kanpur City, Year 2021 by KDA

  • Residential  : 41.67%
  • Industrial  : 5.64%
  • Amenities  : 3.7%
  • Transport & communication  : 9.98%
  • Recreational  : 9.56%
  • Public Services  : 3.81%
  • Trade  : 2.61%
  • Other uses  : 9.27%

Kanpur Municipal Corporation

Kanpur Municipal Corporation (KMC) is a municipal corporation of Kanpur city in Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.[3] Kanpur has area of 108. 63 km2. The corporation has 110 wards covering area equal to 403 square kilometres.[4][5][6]

History

The municipality in Kanpur, then Cawnpore was first established on 22 November 1861 under the chairmenship of a District Magistrate. Lala Sheo Prasad was the first Vice Chairman of the association of Cawnpore Municipal Committee. The Town Hall building was erected at Cooperganj in the year 1879 with investment of around 2,16,000 rupees.[7]

The first drainage system was established in 1872 and the first protected water supply in 1892. The city became a municipal corporation in 1959.[8] Ram Ratan Gupta became the first mayor of Kanpur.[9]

Elections

See List of mayors of Kanpur

Kanpur Nagar Police Commissionerate

The Kanpur Nagar Police Commissionerate is the police department within the municipal limits of Kanpur. It is a part of Uttar Pradesh Police and has the primary responsibilities of law enforcement and investigation in Kanpur city.

It is headed by an IPS officer in the rank of ADG as its Commissioner of Police.

On 3 November 2022, it was decided to include all 11 Police station of Kanpur outer police in Kanpur Nagar Police Commissionerate leading to 49 police stations.

History

Before 2020, Kanpur Nagar district police came under Kanpur police zone and Kanpur police range of Uttar Pradesh Police. Kanpur zone is headed by an IPS officer in the rank of Additional director general of police (ADG), whereas Kanpur range is headed by an IPS officer in the rank of Inspector General of Police (IG).

Police Administration of Kanpur was headed by the Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP) who was an IPS officer. He was assisted by six Superintendents of Police (SP)/Additional Superintendents of Police (Addl. SP) (East, North, West, South, Traffic and Crime). The district was divided into twelve police circles, each responsibility of a Circle Officer (CO) in the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police.

List of Head of Organization of Kanpur Nagar Police

Senior Superintendent of Police of Kanpur Nagar

Since Independence of the nation till 26 March 2021, 75 Indian Police Service officers have served as the head of organization of kanpur police as Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP).

Sr. No. Name From To
01 K.P. Singh 19.07.1947 07.11.1947
02 Onkar Singh 07.11.1947 04.06.1952
03 A.K Das 04.06.1952 02.09.1957
04 G. Chandra 02.09.1957 26.07.1960
05 S. Tondon 26.07.1960 26.03.1962
06 J.M. Jain 26.03.1962 24.07.1962
07 S. Tondon 24.07.1962 20.07.1964
08 K.P. Singh 20.07.1964 02.09.1966
09 G.S. Arya 02.09.1966 18.05.1969
10 J.N. Chaturvedi 18.05.1969 27.03.1970
11 R.S. Sharma 27.03.1970 05.09.1970
12 R.D. Pandey 05.09.1970 30.01.1972
13 K.P. Srivastava 30.01.1972 08.03.1973
14 J.N. Awasthy 08.03.1973 12.12.1973
15 S.C. Mukherjee 12.12.1973 16.01.1976
16 Y.N. Saxena 16.01.1976 13.07.1977
17 V.S. Mathur 13.07.1977 02.03.1978
18 S.V.M. Tripathi 02.03.1978 16.06.1979
19 V.S. Bedi 16.06.1979 02.12.1980
20 V.N. Singh 02.12.1980 11.06.1983
21 M.C. Rawat 11.06.1983 22.06.1984
22 A.K. Mitra 22.06.1984 17.05.1986
23 Y.P.Singh 17.05.1986 15.08.1988
24 Vikram Singh 15.08.1988 14.02.1991
25 Subhash Joshi 14.02.1991 04.07.1991
26 D.N. Samal 04.07.1991 01.10.1992
27 A.C. Sharma 01.10.1992 11.12.1992
28 Subhash Joshi 11.12.1992 04.02.1993
29 V.K.Singh 04.02.1993 20.06.1993
30 K.N. Rai 20.06.1993 31.12.1993
31 Rameshwar Dayal 31.12.1993 19.05.1994
32 J. M. Yadav 19.05.1994 08.06.1995
33 S.N.Singh 08.06.1995 29.12.1995
34 Praveen Singh 29.12.1995 06.08.1996
35 Arun Kumar 06.08.1996 20.02.1997
36 B.P. Singh 20.02.1997 06.04.1997
37 V.K. Sharma 06.04.1997 08.05.1997
38 A.P. Maheshwari 08.05.1997 05.10.1997
39 A.K.D. Divwedi 05.10.1997 18.04.1998
40 R.K. Mishra 18.04.1998 11.07.1998
41 R.N. Srivastava 11.07.1998 02.10.1998
42 M. A. Ganpati 02.10.1998 04.05.1999
43 Sutapa Saniyal 04.05.1999 02.11.1999
44 P.K. Joshi 02.11.1999 28.02.2000
45 G.P. Sharma 20.02.2000 27.03.2001
46 Arun Kumar 27.03.2001 16.08.2001
47 V.K. Singh 16.08.2001 10.05.2002
48 R.P. Singh 10.05.2002 30.11.2002
49 M.K. Bashal 30.11.2002 09.09.2003
50 R.V. Singh 09.09.2003 14.03.2005
51 P.C. Meena 14.03.2005 04.12.2006
52 Alok Singh 04.12.2006 14.05.2007
53 A.K. Prasad 14.05.2007 30.08.2007
54 Rajeev Sabbarwal 30.08.2007 02.12.2007
55 Anand Swaroop 02.12.2007 27.03.2008
56 A.K Singh 27.03.2008 04.10.2008
57 H.R. Sharma 06.10.2008 05.02.2009
58 H.R. Sharma 05.02.2009 19.06.2009
59 Neera Rawat 16.06.2009 23.10.2009
60 B.P. Jogdand 23.10.2009 14.02.2010
61 Prem Prakash 14.02.2010 10.11.2010
62 Mutha Ashok Jain 10.11.2010 11.02.2011
63 Rajesh Kumar Rai 11.02.2011 21.03.2012
64 Amitabh Yash 21.03.2012 12.12.2012
65 Yashasvi Yadav 14.12.2012 06.03.2014
66 Ajay Kumar 10.03.2014 09.06.2014
67 K.S. Emmanuel 09.06.2014 20.12.2014
68 Shalabh Mathur 22.12.2014 15.10.2016
69 H.N. Singh 15.10.2016 20.10.2016
70 Akash Kulhari 20.10.2016 16.05.2017
71 Sonia Singh 16.05.2017 26.10.2017
72 Akhilesh Kumar 26.10.2017 30.08.2018
73 Anant Dev Tiwari 30.08.2018 18.06.2020
74 Dinesh Kumar P. 18.06.2020 26.07.2020
75 Preetinder Singh 26.07.2020 26.03.2021

Police Commissioner of Kanpur Nagar

On 26 March 2021, Government of Uttar Pradesh decided to make commissionerate in Kanpur Nagar city headed by rank of Additional Director of Police (ADG). Asim Arun was first Police Commissioner of Kanpur Nagar.

Sr. No. Name From To
01 Asim Arun 26.03.2021 14.01.2022
02 Vijay Singh Meena 14.01.2022 01.08.2022
03 B.P. Jogdand 01.08.2022 19.08.2023
04 Dr. RK Swarnkar 20.08.2023 31.12.2023
05 Akhil Kumar 01.01.2024 Incumbent

Organisation

The Kanpur Commissionerate Police is headed by Commissioner of Police who is assisted by two Additional Commissioner of Police of i.e. Addl. CP Law & Order and Addl. CP Crime (IG). Police Commissionerate is divided into four police zones (East, West, Central and South), each headed by a Deputy Commissioner of Police which consists of 12 circles headed by Assistant Commissioner of Police and 49 police stations.[2]

Hierarchy structure of the Kanpur Nagar Police
Rank Abbreviation Strength
Commissioner of Police (ADGP) CP 1
Additional Commissioner of Police (IG) Addl. CP 2
Deputy Commissioner of Police (SP) DCP 8
Additional Deputy Commissioner of Police (Additional SP) ADCP 10
Assistant Commissioner of Police (Deputy SP/Assistant SP/Assistant Radio Officer) ACP 20
Police Inspector Inspector 47
Police Sub Inspector SI 95
Head Constable HC 1824
Police Constable Constable 5254

Police stations

Police stations under the jurisdiction of Kanpur Nagar Police Commissionerate are as follows:

  1. Anwar Ganj Police Station
  2. Armapur Police Station
  3. Babupurwa Police Station
  4. Badshahinaka Police Station
  5. Bajaria Police Station
  6. Barra Police Station
  7. Beconganj Police Station
  8. Bidhnu Police Station
  9. Bilhaur Police Station
  10. Bithoor Police Station
  11. Cantt. Police Station
  12. Chakeri Police Station
  13. Chaman Ganj Police Station
  14. Chaubepur Police Station
  15. Collector Ganj Police Station
  16. Colonelganj Police Station
  17. Fazalganj Police Station
  18. Govind Nagar Police Station
  19. Ghatampur Police Station
  20. Gwaltoli Police Station
  21. Harbans Mohal Police Station
  22. Juhi Police Station
  23. Kakadeo Police Station
  24. Kakwan Police Station
  25. Kalyanpur Police Station
  26. Kidwai Nagar Police Station
  27. Kohna Police Station
  28. Kotwali Police Station
  29. Maharajpur Police Station
  30. Mahila Thana Police Station
  31. Moolganj Police Station
  32. Narwal Police Station
  33. Naubasta Police Station
  34. Nawabganj Police Station
  35. Nazirabad Police Station
  36. Panki Police Station
  37. Philkhana Police Station
  38. Railbazar Police Station
  39. Raipurwa Police Station
  40. Saandh Police Station
  41. Sachendi Police Station
  42. Sajeti Police Station
  43. Shivrajpur Police Station
  44. Sisamau Police Station
  45. Swaroop Nagar Police Station

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